This is a panel about single sided deafness

This session will acquaint or reinforce attendees with the spectrum of contemporary tools to evaluate pharyngoesophageal (PES) dysfunction including swallowing radiography, endoscopy and high-resolution pharyngoesophageal manometry. Best practices for surgical and non-surgical management will be covered during a review of complex clinical cases. Where appropriate, evidence-based approaches and incorporation of novel methods will be discussed.

The integration of digital technology into medicine marks a new era, and dysphagia management is no exception. Videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) are commonly performed as standard assessments of swallowing function. VFSS is convenient for therapeutic assessment but lacks detailed structural resolution. FEES cannot assess oral function, aspiration or vocal fold movement during pharyngeal contraction.

swallowing computed tomography (CT) visualizes four-dimensional swallowing dynamics by reconstructing continuous images acquired with a 320-row multidetector CT using dedicated software. The resulting dynamic images facilitate an intuitive understanding of structural changes in various regions. While swallowing CT offers clear dynamic imaging of structural changes, it also has limitations: high cost of the system and software, time-consuming reconstruction, and difficulty appreciating 3d anatomy due to 2d monitor display. To address these challenges, we developed, for the first time worldwide, a swallowing extended reality (XR) platform—comprising both virtual reality (VR) and three-dimensional visualization systems. These innovations enabled reduced reconstruction time, intuitive 3d visualization of structural changes, and significantly lower system costs.

utilizing swallowing XR for swallowing CT and data visualization allows for the identification of conditions that were previously undetectable with conventional tests, providing more dynamic and spatial information than ever before. In this lecture, i will talk about swallowing CT and extended reality (ER)　system in clinical practice.

Three major issues in Laryngological practice will be discussed specifically in this session:

Pediatric voice disorders from the perspective of rare diseases

This presentation will explore pediatric voice disorders through the lens of rare diseases, highlighting the diagnostic challenges posed by uncommon congenital, genetic, neuromuscular, and systemic conditions affecting the pediatric larynx. Emphasis will be placed on recognizing key clinical clues, selecting appropriate diagnostic pathways, and adopting a multidisciplinary, individualized approach to management in these challenging cases.

Management of sulcus vocalis

Sulcus vocalis is a challenging structural vocal fold lesion that may cause persistent dysphonia and impaired vocal efficiency. Successful management requires accurate diagnosis and individualized treatment planning. Contemporary therapeutic strategies, including voice therapy, phonosurgical techniques, and combined approaches, will be discussed. Indications, surgical principles, expected outcomes, limitations, and the role of postoperative rehabilitation will be reviewed, emphasizing patient-specific decision-making.

Management of bilateral vocal fold paralysis: A microlaryngeal biomechanical approach

Treatment choice for bilateral vocal fold paralysis remains a debate, including altered airway (tracheostomy), glottic mass reduction (lateralization, posterior cordotomy, etc.), and neurofunctional approaches (neural reinnervation, implantation, electrostimulation). Posterior glottoplasty provides a muscular vector approach. It aims to keep the membranous folds intact and create a posterior glottic space to improve breathing and phonation.

This is a panel on vocal training in professional voice users