Inner ear malformations present primarily with auditory symptoms while vestibular malformations, though clinically significant, are under-recognized .The seminar aims to explore the correlation between functional assessments—specifically audiological and vestibular evaluations—and radiological findings in patients with inner ear malformations. Particular attention is given to discrepancies that may arise between clinical and imaging data, and how these mismatches can influence therapeutic decisions. Incomplete cochlear partitions, 8th cranial nerve dysplasia and enlarged vestibular aqueduct are some examples. Third window syndromes blur the line between congenital and acquired pathology. It highlights the complex interplay between hearing and balance dysfunction in the context of inner ear anomalies.

Abstract

The otolith organs are essential components of the vestibular system, contributing to the perception of linear acceleration and head position. This round table will discuss otolith function from normal to various clinical disorders characterized by impaired otolith precision. The discussion includes basic insights into the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying otolith processing and the diagnostic procedures in detecting subtle dysfunctions.  Different clinical presentations, including isolated otolith dysfunction, will be elaborated. Emerging strategies for otolith malfunction rehabilitation will be also discussed. Understanding otolith complexity and its impact on vestibular precision is crucial for diagnosis, targeted intervention, and improved management of vestibular disorders, ultimately enhancing patient quality of life.